Alprazolam- A Brief Introduction

Alprazolam belongs to a group of drugs known as benzodiazepines. It is a short acting anxiolytic drug. It is commonly used to treat anxiety and panic disorders.

Mode of Action: It acts by binding on the GABA receptors of the brain leading to inhibitory or calming effects. After oral administration it is readily absorbed and its metabolites are excreted primarily in urine.

Clinical uses: Alprazolam is used in the treatment and management of conditions like:

• Anxiety disorders
• Panic attacks ( not a first line drug )
• Anxiety conditions with co morbid depression
• Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting.

Side effects: Patients taking alprazolam may experience adverse effects like:

• Drowsiness
• Lightheadedness
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Dry mouth
• Nausea
• Urinary retention
• Skin rash
• Anterograde amnesia
• Problem concentrating
• Unusual changes in behavior and mood.

Precautions: Before using alprazolam it is important to take certain precautions like:

• Do not take if pregnant or breast feeding.
• Do not use alprazolam along with drinking alcohol as it may increase its effect
• Make sure that you are not allergic to benzodiazepiens.
• It should not be given to patients with a history of glaucoma
• After taking alprazolam avoid driving as it caused drowsiness.

Overdose: If alprzolam is taken in overdose it may cause excessive sleepiness and drowsiness well as low blood pressure and shallow breathing. Coma and death may occur if it is taken in high dosed along with other substances.